Counter-relief

Counter-relief is a special type of relief where the image does not protrude above the surface, but on the contrary, is as if “pressed” inward. Unlike the usual bas-relief, shadows fall differently, creating a paradoxical feeling as if the form inside the object lives its own independent life. Counter-relief was actively used by the Russian avant-garde, in particular Vladimir Tatlin, who sought new plastic solutions.

For the viewer, this is a challenge to the usual perception of volumes, especially if the lighting changes — due to the play of light, counter-relief can instantly change the mood of the work. Often this approach is used for interior decoration or creating memorial panels, where depth and light-and-shade plasticity are important.